The exchange rate is converted and offered with imports and exports

1, The foreign currency under the spot rate is rolled over(change) and calculated and offered
(1)Foreign currency / home currency lose money in business coin / foreign currency
The exchange rate form that a country or regional foreign exchange market announces is often how many home currencies 1 or 100 foreign currency equals, and does not announce how much foreign currency a home currency equals. If the foreign importer requires me while quoting home currency price of export commodities to it, quote and then price of foreign currency, this so long as divided by concrete figure of home currency can obtain what foreign currency a home currency roll over with 1.
(2)The foreign currency / home currency is bought in --The selling price loses money in business the coin / foreign currency is bought in --Selling price
Buying in to home currency of known foreign currency --Selling price, ask buying in to foreign currency of home currency --Selling price.
(3)Have not been listed the foreign currency / home currency and home currency / set not listed the foreign currency and calculated
Ask home currency with list a certain monetary method of rate of exchange:
①List some a medium rate that mainly reserves currency to already listing of home currency first. ②Consult that looks like London, pound sterling or medium rate of a certain currency to not listing of U.S. dollar on the so main international financial market of New York (London or New York announces the exchange rate against exchangeable currency of pound sterling or U.S. dollar). ③With ①Medium rate and ②Medium rate go on set calculate: ②Divided by ①,I.e. ②/①=Home currency / rate of exchange not listed the foreign currency; ①Divided by ②I.e. ①/②=Have not been listed the rate of exchange of the foreign currency / home currency.
(4)The home currency / A a kind of foreign currency and home currency / B a kind of foreign currency is converted into A a kind of foreign currency / B a kind of foreign currency and B a kind of foreign currency / A a kind of foreign currency
A kind of export commodities offer and often involve a lot of countries, many kinds of currency to the outside, want suits of method of regarding as to grasp different foreign currency, in order to help enlargement to offer range, open-up of the commodity market. Known: ①The home currency, to the buying prices and selling prices of first kind of foreign currency; ②The home currency plants the buying prices and selling prices of the foreign currency to second; How set is calculated: ①A A a kind of foreign currency plants the buying prices and selling prices of the foreign currency to B, ②a B a kind of foreign currency plants A
Where are buying price of the foreign currency and selling price? Calculate method and procedure of its set to illustrate with examples as follows now: Have already known: Market U.S. dollar / 12.97-12.98 of shilling / grams of 4.1245-4.1255 my darling, New York of U.S.A., Ask: ①Selling prices and buying prices of the gram of my darling / shilling ②Shilling / selling prices and buying prices which overcomes the my darling Set regard as grams of my darling / shilling sell and method of buying price such: ①In status of the denominator grams of figure of my darling, but selling price and buying price are replaced; The buying price is poured on the position of selling price; The selling price is poured at the position of buying price. ②In status of molecule figure of shilling, selling price and buying price it transposes to be still 12.97-12.98. ③②/①Number of income grams of my darling / selling prices and buying prices of shilling. The selling price of the gram of my darling / shilling is 12.97/4.1255=3.1439 The buying price of the gram of my darling / shilling is 12.98/4.1245=3.1470 Such as ask shilling / grams of selling price and buying price of my darling, method its as follows, i.e.: ①In the figure of the shilling in denominator position, selling price and buying price transposition, i.e. by 12.98-12.98, change location into 12.98-12.97. ②In member status grams of my darling figure, selling price and buying price do not transpose, still: 4.1245-4.1255.③②/①Number of income, get shilling / grams of my darling selling price and buying price The shilling / selling price which overcomes the my darling is 4.1215/12.98=0.3178 The shilling / buying price which overcomes the my darling is 4.1255/12.97=0.3181 (5)Spot rate form to confirm, import, offer, can accept main basis of competence utilize different spot rate of currency calculate suit (change) too, play an extremely important role in doing well and exporting offering, import quotation reasonable checking and calculating, whether could accept and play an important role too. ①Offer the same different import of currency of goods, convert according to RMB exchange rate form into RMB compare. ②Offer the import of different currency of the same goods, according to the spot rate form of the international foreign exchange market, convert in unison, compare.
2.Use the buying prices and selling prices of the exchange rate rationally
Buying price and selling price of exchange rate differ by 1 ‰ - 3 ‰ generally, if importers and exporters are inconsiderate when the commodity price convert and offer and perform duty of paying to the outside, it is not precise to calculate, contract terms are made indeterminately, will suffer losses. While using buying price of the exchange rate and selling price, pay attention to the following problems: (1)When the home currency converts the foreign currency, should use the buying price If one Hong Kong exporter's goods base price is the home currency (Hong Kong dollar) originally, but the customer demands to change to quote in foreign currency, should convert according to the buying price with this foreign currency of the home currency. Exporter roll over home currency foreign currency lie in according to reason that buying price convert: Exporter collect home currency originally, change, charge foreign currency now, need, charge foreign currency sell for to the bank, gain the original home currency. The exporter sells the foreign currency, get the bank to buy in, so convert according to the buying price. (2)When the foreign currency converts the home currency, should use the selling price The exporter's goods base price is the foreign currency originally, when the customer demands to change to quote in home currency, should convert according to the selling price with the home currency of this foreign currency. Exporter roll over foreign currency cost coin lie in according to reason that selling price convert: The exporter collects the foreign currency originally, change to charge the home currency now, need to buy back the original foreign currency to the bank with the home currency. The exporter buys in, get the selling of the bank. So convert according to the selling price. (3)Regard converting at a kind of foreign currency as another kind of foreign currency, convert according to the international list price of foreign exchange market Whether no matter the list price of the market, or the list price of the market by marking a price indirectly by marking a price directly, the currency of the country on the foreign exchange market is regarded as the home currency. If convert the foreign currency into the home currency, use the selling price; If convert the home currency into the foreign currency, use the buying price. For example, ×will it be × past × year, Paris foreign exchange market (mark a price directly) French Franc's list price to U.S. dollar 1 buying price 4.4350 French Franc: Foreign exchange market (mark a price indirectly) U.S. dollar of New York is 1 dollar (home currency) to the list price of French Franc on the same day, the selling price is 4.4400 French Franc (foreign currency), the buying price is 4.4450 French Franc, then the method that U.S. dollar and French Franc convert each other is as follows: ①According to the list price of the foreign exchange market of Paris (mark a price directly): It is 1 ×4.4550=4.4550 that 1 dollar is converted to French Franc It is 1 ÷4.4350=0.2255 that a French Franc converts to U.S. dollar ② According to the list price of the foreign exchange market of New York (mark a price indirectly): It is 1 ÷4.4400=0.2252 that a French Franc converts to U.S. dollar It is 1 ×4.4450=4.4450 that 1 dollar is converted to French Franc
Buying price described above, selling price convert the principle, is not merely suitable for the spot rate, suitable for the long-term exchange rate too. Buying price, and conversion of selling price it uses to be one foreign trade principle that worker should should know, but should combine the detailed conditions in the real business, master flexibly. For example, the competitive power of the export commodities is relatively bad, have a large stock, the style is outmoded and the market is relatively dull, export, offer, can also convert according to intermediate price, can pay appropriate allowance even at this moment, in order to expand merchandise sales; But real workers should " know what's what " to this principle.
3. Conversion and imports and exports of the long-term exchange rate offer
(1)The home currency / long-term exchange rate of the foreign currency suffers the loss of the foreign currency / long-term exchange rate of the home currency Such as the known home currency / long-term exchange rate of the foreign currency, because the need of offering or hedging, need to calculate the foreign currency / long-term exchange rate of the home currency, its calculation's procedure and method are: ①Take the place of into formulae: P*=P/(S ×F) P * counts at a specified future date in order to convert the home currency / foreign currency into the foreign currency / the home currency P Count at a specified future date for the home currency / foreign currency S It is a home currency / spot rate of the foreign currency F It is a home currency / real long-term exchange rate of the foreign currency ②Ask, offer long-term selling price of exchange rate count according to formula with after buying price count, position its want, interchange, buying price come out to calculate count, turn into selling price count; The selling price calculated out counts and turns into the buying price and counts. Illustrate: Known U.S. dollar of foreign exchange market of New York / spot rate of Swiss Franc is at a specified future date in 3 months 1.6030-40　　　140-135 Ask: Swiss Franc / U.S. dollar counts at a specified future date in 3 months Calculation procedure and method ①Take the place of into formulae: P*=P/(S ×F)
P * is: Swiss Franc / 3 months of U.S. dollar count at a specified future date P is: 0.0140-0.0135 S is: 1.6030-1.6040 F is: 1.6030　 1.6040 -)0.0140/1.5890　　　-)0.0135/1.5905 Swiss Franc / 3 of U.S. dollar at a specified future date to count = in month. 0055=0.0140/1.6030 ×1.5890 Swiss Franc / 3 of U.S. dollar at a specified future date to count = in month. 0053=0.0135/1.6040 ×1.5905 ②Swiss Franc / 3 of U.S. dollar at a specified future date to sell with buying price counting after the transposition obtaining in month: 53-55.
(2)The long-term agio (check) is counted in the exchange rate form, but as postponing the quotation standard that collects money Long-term exchange rate form premium on currency currency get appreciation currency, agio currency get debased currency. In my export trade, the foreign importer requires me to offer with two kinds of foreign currency under postponing the terms of payment, if first coin is the premium on currency, second coin is the agio, if offer with first coin, quote according to the original price; Offer with second coin, should B coin quote to A coin actual exchange rate behind the agio according to exchange rate form, in order to reduce the losses after second coin agio. So learn consulting that calculates with set, significant for correct quotation of the exchange rate form.
(3)The agio annual interest rate in the exchange rate form, can also be as postponing the quotation standard that collect money The agio currency in the long-term exchange rate form, is the currency with trend of devaluing too, the agio annual interest rate of this currency, is the debased annual interest rate of the agio currency (to the currency of premium on currency) too. If some goods are offered with harder (the premium on currency) currency originally, but the foreign importer demands to change to offer with the agio currency, while the exporter converts the amount of currency of the premium on currency as the agio amount of currency according to the spot rate, in order to remedy agio losses, should add the agio rate over a period to come at the commodity price after converting again.
(4)In soft hard two import of currency offer, long-term exchange rate confirm, accept soft goods (agio currency) foundation to raise the price range For example: Among business of importation, a certain goods sign to foreign currency paying, taking 3 month nearly from contract, foreign exporter with getting hard, getting soft two kinds of currency offer, it with soft coin price markup range that offer, can't exceed currency and corresponding exchange rate long-term of currency this, otherwise I can accept coins to offer, could achieve the goal of suffering a loss in commodity price and exchange rate only in this way.